Ronald F. Young, M.D


Dr Ronald Young, MD

Current Position:Medical Director, Gamma Knife Center

Business Address:Swedish Hospital

Seattle, WA 98133

Business Telephone:​​(206) 320-7130Fax: (206) 320-7137

Current Position:Medical Director, Gamma Knife Center

Los Robles Regional Medical Center

2200 Lynn Rd.

Thousand Oaks, CA. 91360

Business Telephone:(805) 494-0880Fax: (805) 494-1209

PERSONAL

Born: January 4, 1939, in Buffalo, New York

EDUCATION

1957-1961 BAState University of New York at Buffalo

1961-1965 M.D.State University of New York at Buffalo

POST DOCTORAL TRAINING

1965-1966University of Minnesota Hospital

Straight Surgical Internship

1966-1967VA Hospital, Long Beach, California

Resident, Neurosurgery

1969-1973State University of New York, Upstate

Medical Center, Syracuse, New York

Resident, Neurosurgery

ACADEMIC APPOINTMENTS

06/73 – 03/77 Assistant Professor, Neurosurgery

State University of New York

Upstate Medical Center

Syracuse, New York

04/77 – 06/77 Associate Professor, Neurosurgery

State University of New York

Upstate Medical Center

Syracuse, New York

07/77 – 06/81Associate Professor, Surgery/Neurosurgery

UCLA School of Medicine

Los Angeles, California

07/81 – 12/85Professor, Surgery/Neurosurgery

UCLA School of Medicine

Los Angeles, California

01/86 – 92Professor, Surgery/Neurosurgery

Chief, Division of Neurosurgery

School of Medicine

University of California, Irvine

Orange, California

07/89 – 05/90Acting Chairman, Department of Surgery

School of Medicine

University of California, Irvine

Orange, California 

07/92 – 03/93Professor, Department of Neurosurgery

Acting Chair

School of Medicine

University of California, Irvine

Orange, California

03/93 – 1998Clinical Professor, Neurosurgery

School of Medicine

University of California, Irvine

Orange, California

HOSPITAL APPOINTMENTS

04/82 – 03/93Associate Staff Status

Memorial Hospital Medical Center

04/82 – 03/93Consulting Staff

Memorial Miller Children Hospital

04/82 – 03/93Reciprocal Privileges

Women Hospital

Long Beach, California

04/82 – 03/93Attending Neurosurgeon

Memorial Hospital Medical Center

Long Beach, California

01/86 – 08/92Chief, Division of Neurosurgery

University of California, Irvine

Orange, California

08/91 – 02/93Courtesy Staff Neurosurgeon

Children’s Hospital of Orange County

07/92 – 03/93 Acting Chair, Department of Neurosurgery

University of California, Irvine

Orange, California

03/93 – Present Medical Director

Northwest Hospital Gamma Knife Center

Northwest Hospital Neuroscience Center

Seattle, Washington

5/98 – 2001Co-Medical Director

Good Samaritan Hospital

Los Angeles, California

4/99 – PresentAttending Neurosurgeon

St. John’s Reginal Medical Center

Oxnard, California

06/96 – 2001Medical Director

American Gamma Knife Network

Newport Beach, California

MILITARY SERVICE

08/67 – 08/69Captain, United States Air Force

Department of Neurosurgery

David Grant USAF Hospital

Travis AFB, California

LICENSURE

1965California, G013272

1970 New York, 105336-1 inactive

1988Hawaii, MD6422 inactive

1991Vermont, 42-0008417 inactive

1992Washington, 025209 MD00030703

CERTIFICATION

1976American Board of Neurological Surgeons

1981Fellow, American College of Surgeons

HONORS

1965Irving F. Heyman Award in Clinical Neurology

State University of New York

1982Kongress Medal, German Neurosurgical Society

1990Elizabeth Crosby Medal,

University of Michigan, Ann Arbor

1992The Lauds & Laurels Award, Professional Achievement

University of California, Irvine, Alumni Association

RECOGNITION

1995 – 1996National Directory of Who’s Who in Executives & Professionals

1996The Best Doctors in America, Woodward /White, Inc., publishers

1996American Registry of Who’s Who in Leading Professionals & Executives

1997 – 1998Who’s Who in Medicine and Healthcare

1998 – 2001AMA Physicians’s Recognition Award

2000 – 2004Who’s Who in America

VISITING PROFESSORSHIPS

February 18-20, 1982State University of New York, Upstate Medical Center, Syracuse, New York,Department of Neurosurgery, Visiting Professor.

May 21-23, 1982St. Elizabeth’s Hospital, Ravensburg, West Germany, 

Department of Neurosurgery, Visiting Professor.

May 18, 1983Regional Neurosurgical Hospital, Bologna, Italy, Visiting Scholar.

June 8, 1983VISP General Hospital, VISP Switzerland, Visiting Scholar.

June 16-17, 1985Hospital Neurologique et Neurochirurgical, Pierre Werzheimer,

University of Lyon, France, Visiting Professor.

“Emploi D’Une Technique De Scanner Robotise Er Neurochirurgie 

Stereotaxique,” and “Soulagement de la douler par electrostimulation de la

substance griseperi-aqueducele chez l’homme un mecanisme non-opioide.”

June 18, 1985University of Grenoble, France, Visiting Professor.

“Emploi D’Une Technique De Scanner Robotise Er Neurochirurgie 

Stereotaxique,” and “Soulagement de la douler par electrostimulation de la 

substance grise peri-aqueducele chez l’homme un mecanisme non-opioide.”

June 20-22, 1985Society Neurochirurgie de Langue Francaise, Annual Meeting.

“Emploi D’Une Technique De Scanner Robotise Er Neurochirurgie 

Stereotaxique,” and “Soulagement de la douler par electrostimulation de la 

substance grise peri-aqueducele chez l’homme un mecanisme non-opioide.”

November 12-26, 1985Asia/Pacific International Trade Fair, University of Beijing, China,

Visiting Professor.  “Robotics in Neurosurgery.”

February 1988Division of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Diego, 

Visiting Professor.

November 16, 1990Visiting Professor and Elizabeth C. Crosby Lecturer, Section of Neurosurgery and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Michigan, AnnArbor.

March 8, 1991Visiting Professor, Section of Neurosurgery, University of Vermont, Burlington,

Vermont.

March 24, 1992State University of New York, Health Science Center, Syracuse, New York, 

Department of Neurosurgery

September 1998University of British Columbia, Vancouver British Columbia, Canada

Department of Neurosurgery

MEMBERSHIPS AND APPOINTMENTS, SCIENTIFIC SOCIETIES

1986-2005American Academy of Neurological Surgery Resigned

1991American Academy of Pain Medicine Secretary

1978American Association of Neurological Surgeons

1979Local Arrangements Committee

1981Marshall’s Committee

1982Program Committee

1987 – 1990Board of Directors, Section on Pain

1989 – 1990Vice Chairman, Section on Pain

1988 – 1992Program Committee, Section on Pain

1991 – 1992Chairman, Section on Pain

1981American College of Surgeons

1986American Joint Committee on Cancer Delegate 

1994American Medical Association Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology 

​​Assessment Panel (DATTA)

American Pain Society

1982Scientific Program Committee, Annual Meeting

1986Associate Chairman, ScientificProgram Committee, Annual Meeting

1986 – 1988Scientific and Professional EthicsCommittee

1986American Society for Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery

1996American Board Forensic Medicine

California Association of Neurological Surgeons

1990Board of Directors

1991 – 1992Education Committee

1986 – 1993 California Medical Association Scientific Advisory Panel on Neurosurgery

1974Congress of Neurological Surgeons/American Associationof Neurological Surgeons

1986 – PresentJoint Committee on Devices and Drugs

1994Joint Committee on Standards for Stereotaxis: Chairman, Glossary andDefinitions Section

International Association for the Study of Pain

1994International Leksell Gamma Knife Society Chairman

1993 – PresentInternational Stereotactic Radiosurgery Society

1993 – 2003King County Medical Society

1992 – 1996 New England Neurosurgical Society

1982-1992Research Society of Neurological Surgeons

1986 – 1993Society of Neurological Surgeons of Orange County 

Society of University Neurosurgeons

1986 – 1988Chairman, Membership Committee

1989 – 1990Member-at-large, Executive Committee

1991 – 1993Secretary/Treasurer

1994 – 1995 Vice-President

1995 – 1996President Elect

1996 – 1997​​President

2005Resigned

1986 – 1993Southern California Neurosurgical Society,

1986President

1986 – Present The Society of Neurological Surgeons

1992 – 2004Trigeminal  Neuralgia Association, Medical Advisory Board

1992 – 1998Washington State Medical Association

1980 – Present Western Neurosurgical Society

1981 – 1982Alternate Representative to Western Societies of Neurological Science

1985-1987Program Committee

1985 – 1990 Chairman, Membership Committee

1990 – 1991Vice President

1993 – 1994President

PUBLICATIONS

1.Ausman JI, Young RF, and Owens G: Radiopaque dyes and other agents in the production of endothelial damage. J Surg Res  1964 5:349-355.

2.Young RF and King RF: Excitability changes in trigeminal primary afferent fibers in response to noxious and non-noxious stimuli. J Neurophysiol 1972 Jan; 35(1): 87-95.

3.Young RF and King RB: Excitability changes in trigeminal primary afferent fibers elicited by dental pulp stimulation in the cat. Arch Oral Biol 1972 Dec; 17(12): 1649-1657.

4.Young RF, Yu YJ, and King RB: Hyperpolarization of trigeminal primary afferent fibers elicited by non-facial stimuli. Surg Forum 1972; 23(0): 426-427.

5.Young RF and King RB: Fiber spectrum of the trigeminal sensory root of the baboon determined by electron microscopy. J Neurosurg 1973 Jan; 38(1): 65-72.

6.Young RF, Yu YJ, and King RB: Hyperpolarization of trigeminal afferents evoked by stimulation of lumbar sympathetic trunk and peripheral nerves. Exp Neurol 1973 Jan; 38(1): 64-69.

7.Lourie H and Young RF: Posterior epidural hematoma following subfrontal tumor removal. Case report. J Neurosurg 1974 May; 40(5): 643-646.

8.Nord SG and Young RF: Projection of tooth pulp afferents to the cat trigeminal nucleus caudalis. Brain Res1975 June 13; 90(2): 195-204.

9.Young RF and Nord SG: Experimental modulation of medullary dental pulp units by mechanical stimulation of orofacial fields. Exp Neurol 1975 Dec; 49(3): 813-821.

10.Young RF and Shende M: Dorsal column stimulation for the relief of chronic intractable pain. Surg Forum1976; 27(62): 474-476.

11.Bond D and Young RF: Electrophrenic respiration in a patient with sleep-induced apnea. J Neurosurg Nursing 1977; 9:118-121.

12.Young RF: Treatment of facial pain.  The Practitioner 1977 Nov; 219(1313): 731-737. 

13.Young RF and Binet EF: Bilateral persistent trigeminal arteries: Case report. J Neurosurg 1977 Oct; 47(4): 619-622.

14.Young RF: Diaphragm pacing as an adjunct in the care of respiratory insufficiency. Neurosurg 1978 Jan-Feb; 2(1): 43-46. 

15.Young RF: Response properties of neurons in trigeminal nucleus caudalis too noxious and innocuous 

stimuli under chloralose anesthesia. Exp Neurol 1978 Feb; 58(3): 521-534.

16.Young RF: Evaluation of dorsal column stimulation in the treatment of chronic pain. Neurosurg 1978 Nov-Dec; 3(3): 373-379. 

17.Young RF: Unmyelinated fibers in the trigeminal motor root. Possible relationship to the results of trigeminal rhizotomy. J Neurosurg 1978 Oct; 49(4): 538-543. 

18.Young RF and Nord SG: Response patterns of neurons in rostral trigeminal nuclei to noxious and innocuous stimuli after chronic tractotomy. Surg Forum 1978; 29:493-495.

19.Goodman SJ and Young RF: Dorsal column stimulation in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Surg 

Forum 1978; 29:507-509.

20.Morgan D, Young RF, Chow AW, Mehringer CM, and Itabashi H: Recurrent blastomycetic granuloma: Diagnosis and treatment. Neurosurg 1979 Apr; 4(4): 319-324.

21.Nord SG and Young RF: Effects of chronic descending tractotomy on the response patterns of neurons in the trigeminal nuclei principalis and oralis. Exp Neurol 1979 Aug; 65(2): 355-372.

22.Young RF: Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea following nasogastric intubation. J Trauma 1979 Oct; 19(10): 789-791.

23.Young RF and Feldman RA: Metastatic tumors of the spine. J Neurosurg 1979 Apr; 50(4): 536-537. 

24.Young RF and Goodman SJ: Dorsal spinal cord stimulation in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Neurosurg 1979 Aug; 5(2): 225-230.

25.Young RF and Stevens RT: Unmyelinated axons in the trigeminal nerve root of human and cat. J Comp Neurol 1979; 183:205-214.

26.Kazimiroff PB, Weichsel ME, Young RF, and Grinnell V: Acute cerebellar hemorrhage in childhood. Etiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Neurosurg 1980 May; 6(5): 524-528. 

27.Morgan DF and Young RF: Spinal neurological complications of achondroplasia results of surgical treatment. J Neurosurg 1980 Apr; 52(4): 463-472.

28.Young RF: Cerebellar astrocytoma presenting as a cerebellar hemorrhage in a child. Neurology 1980; 30:1020-1021.

29.Young RF, Post E, and King GA: Treatment of spinal epidural metastases – Randomized prospective comparison of laminectomy and radiotherapy. J Neurosurg 1980 Dec; 53(6):741-748.

30.Krettek JE and Young RF: Acute intracranial hemorrhage in childhood: Diagnosis and treatment. Comp Therapy 1981 Oct; 7(10): 55-66.

31.Young RF and Kruger L: Axonal transport studies of the trigeminal nerve roots of the cat, with special reference to afferent contributions to the portio minor. J Neurosurg 1981 Feb; 54(2): 208-212.

32.Young RF, Oleson TD, and Perryman KM: Effect of trigeminal tractotomy on behavioral responses to dental pulp stimulation in monkey. J Neurosurg 1981 Sept; 55(3): 420-423.

33.Young RF, Oleson TD, and Perryman KM: Dental and facial pain sensation in human and non-human primates: Effect of trigeminal tractotomy. Acta Neurochir 1981; 59:276.

34.Young RF and Perryman KM: Potentials evoked in thalamic nuclei of Macaques by electrical stimulation of dental pulp: Effect of trigeminal tractotomy. Surg Forum 1981; 32:494-496.

35.Young RF and Perryman KM: Potentials evoked in thalamic nuclei by dental pulp and cutaneous facial stimulation in awake, unanesthetized Macaque. Pain 1981; Suppl 1:5243.

36.Young RF and Feldman RA: Periaqueductal grey matter and thalamic stimulation in the treatment of 

chronic pain. Acta Neurochir 1982; 62:147.

37.Young RF: Effect of trigeminal tractotomy on dental sensation in human. J Neurosurg 1982 Jun; 56(6): 812-818.

38.Young RF, Yoshimori RN, Murray DL, and Chou PJ: Postoperative neurosurgical infections due to Bacillus species. Surg Neurol 1982 Oct; 18(4):271-273.

39.Young RF, Schanker LM, and Cahan LC: Effect of midbrain stimulus-induced analgesia on immune function in humans. J Neuroimmunol 1983; 5:185-189.

40.Young RF and Frazee J: Gas within intracranial abscess cavities: An indication for surgical excision. Ann of Neurol 1984 Jul; 16(1):35-39.

41.Young RF and Perryman KM: Pathways for orofacial pain sensation in the trigeminal brainstem nuclear complex of the Macaque monkey. J Neurosurg 1984 Sep; 61(3):563-568.

42.Dionne RA, Mueller GP, and Young RF, et al: Contrast medium causes the apparent increase in

B-endorphin levels in human cerebrospinal fluid following brain stimulation. Pain 1984 Dec; 20(4):313-321.

43.Gade GF, Young RF: Minor head injury. Prim Care  1984 Dec; 11(4):667-679.

44.Young RF, Kroening R, Fulton W, Feldman RA, and Chambi I: Electrical stimulation of the brain in the treatment of chronic pain: Experience over five years. J Neurosurg 1985 Mar;62(3):389-396.

45.Young RF, Gade GF, and Grinnell V: Surgical treatment of fungal infections in the central nervous system. J Neurosurg 1985 Sep; 63(3):371-381.

46.Young RF: Surgical role in relief of pain. Seminars in Anesthesia IV: 1985; (4)323-331.

47.Young RF and Brechner T: Electrical stimulation of the brain for relief of intractable pain due to cancer. Cancer 1986 Mar 15; 57(6):1266-1272.

48.Young RF: Chronic benign pain management: Epitomes of progress. Western J Med 1986 Jul;83.

49.Feurman T, Dwan PS, and Young RF: Vertebrectomy for treatment of vertebral hemangioma without preoperative embolization. Case Report. J Neurosurg 1986 Sep; 65(3):404-406.

50.Young RF and Perryman KM: Neuronal responses in rostral trigeminal brainstem nuclei of Macaque monkeys after chronic trigeminal tractotomy. J Neurosurg 1986 Oct; 65(4):508-516.

51.Young RF and Chambi I: Pain relief by electrical stimulation of the periaqueductal and periventricular gray matter: Evidence for a nonopioid mechanism. J Neurosurg 1987 Mar; 66(3):364-371.

52.Young RF and Lawner PM: Perioperative antibiotics prophylaxis for prevention of postoperative neurosurgical infections: A randomized clinical trial. J Neurosurg 1987 May; 66(5):701-705.

53.Young RF: Application of robotics to stereotactic neurosurgery. Neurological Research 1987 Jun; 9(2):123-128.

54.Young RF: Glycerol rhizolysis for treatment of trigeminal neuralgia. J Neurosurg 1988 Jul; 69(1):39-45.

55.Young RF: Functional stereotactic neurosurgery with magnetic resonance imaging guidance. J Mind and Behavior 1988; 9:263-272.

56.Young RF: Brain and spinal stimulation: How and to whom! Clin Neurosurg 1989; 35:429-447.

57.Shen WP, Young RF, Walter BN, Choi BH, Smith M, Katz J, et al: Molecular analysis of a myxoid chondrosarcoma with rearrangements of chromosomes 10 and 22. Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics 1990 Apr; 45(2):207-215.

58.Young RF: Clinical experience with radiofrequency and laser DREZ lesions. J Neurosurg 1990 May; 72(5):715-720.

59.Leake D, Habal M, Young RF, Anderson F: Bone grafting for cranial reconstruction. J of Craniofacial Surg1990; 3:135-142.

60.Young RF: Brain stimulation.  Neurosurg Clin N Am 1990 Oct; 1(4):865-879.

61.Shen WP, Chaparro M, Choi BH, Young RF, et al: Absence of isochromosome 12p in a pineal region malignant germ cell tumor. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1990; 50:153-160.

62.Rinaldi PC, Young RF, Albe-Fessard D, Chodakiewitz J, et al: Spontaneous neuronal hyperactivity in the intralaminar thalamic nuclei of patients with deafferentation pain. J Neurosurg 1991 Mar; 74(3):415-421.

63.Waxman K, Sundine MJ, Young RF: Is early prediction of outcome in severe head injury possible? Arch Surg 1991 Oct; 126(10):1237-1241. Discussion 1242.

64.Schickner DJ, Young RF:Intracranial pressure monitoring: Fiberoptic monitor compared with the ventricular catheter. Surg Neurol 1992 Apr; 37(4):251-254.

65.Young RF, Tronnier VM, Rinaldi PC: Chronic stimulation of the nucleus Koelliker fuse region for relief of intractable pain in humans.  J Neurosurg 1992 Jun; 76(6):979-985.

66.Chaparro MG, Young RF, Smith M, Shen V, Choi BH: Multiple spinal meningiomas: A case of 47 distinct lesions in the absence of neurofibromatosis or identified chromosomal abnormality. Neurosurg1993 Feb; 32(2):298-301. Discussion 301-302.

67.Young RF, Bach FW, Van Norman AS, Yaksh TL: Release of ß-endorphin and methionine-enkephalin into cerebrospinal fluid during deep brain stimulation for chronic pain. J Neurosurg 1993 Dec; 79(6):816-825.

68.Young RF, Jacques DB, Rand RW, Copcutt BC, Vermeulen SS, Posewitz AE: Medial Thalamotomy with the Leksell Gamma Knife for Treatment of Chronic Pain, Advances in RadiosurgeryActa Neurochir 1994; Suppl 62 (Wien):105-110.

69.Young RF, Jacques DB, Rand RW, Copcutt BC, Vermeulen SS, Posewitz, AE: Technique of Stereotactic Medial Thalamotomy with the Leksell Gamma Knife for Treatment of Chronic Pain, Neurol Research 1995 Feb; 17(1):59-65.

70.Young RF: Electrical stimulation of the trigeminal nerve root for the treatment of chronic facial pain. J Neurosurg 1995 Jul; 83(1):72-78.

71.Hiesiger EM, Gren SB, Shapiro WR, Burger PC, Selker RG, Mahaley J, Roberts JT, Hochberg FH, Young RF: Results of a randomized trial comparing intra-arterial cisplatin and intravenous PCNU for the treatment of primary brain tumors in adults: Brain tumor cooperative group trial 8420A. J of Neuro Oncol 1995; 25:143-154.

72.Young RF, Jacques DB, Rand RW, Copcutt BC, Vermeulen SS, Posewitz AE: Gamma Knife Thalamotomy for the Treatment of Persistent Pain, Stereotact Funct Neurosurg 1995; 64 Suppl 1:172- 181.

73.Young RF, Vermeulen SS, Posewitz AE, Jacques DB, Rand RW, Duma CM, Copcutt BC, Henderson J, Bolles GE, Breeze RE, Johnson SD, Pribil SG: Abstract. Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Treatment of Multiple Brain Metastases, Stereotact Funct Neurosurg 1995; 64:92-93.

74.Young RF, Jacques DB, Duma CM, Rand RW, Henderson J, Vermeulen SS, Grimm P, Blasko JC,

Posewitz A, Copcutt BC, Bolles GE, Breeze RE, Pribil SG, Winston K, Johnson SD: Gamma Knife 

Radiosurgery for Treatment of Multiple Brain Metastases: A Comparison of Patients with Single versus Multiple Lesions, Radiosurg 1996; 92-101.

75.Young RF, Vermeulen SS, Posewitz A, Grimm P, Blasko J, Jacques DB, Rand RW, Copcutt BC: Functional Neurosurgery with the Leksell Gamma Knife, Radiosurg 1996; 218-228.

76.PRIVATE tc  \l 1 “”Kondziolka D, Lunsford LD, Flickinger JC, Young RF, Vermeulen SS, Duma CM, Jacques DB, Rand RW, Regis J, Peragut JC, Epstein MH, Lindquist C: Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Trigeminal Neuralgia: A Multi-Institution Study Using the Gamma Unit, J Neurosurg 1996 Jun; 84(6):940-945.

77.Young RF: Functional Neurosurgery with the Leksell Gamma Knife, Stereotact Funct Neurosurg 1996; 66(1-3):19-23.

78.Friehs GM, Noren G, Ohye C, Duma CM, Marks R, Plombon J, Young RF: Lesion size following Gamma Knife treatment for functional disorders. Stereotact Funct Neurosurg 1996; 66 Suppl 1:320-328. 

79.Young RF, Vermeulen SS, Grimm P, Posewitz A: Electrophysiological target localization is not required for the treatment of functional disorders, Stereotact Funct Neurosurg 1996; 66 Suppl 1:309-319.

80.Larson DA, Gutin PH, McDermott M, Lamborn K, Sneed PK, Wara WM, Flickinger JC, Kondziolka D, Lunsford LD, Hudgins WR, Friehs GM, Haselsberger K, Leber K, Pendl G, Chung SS, Coffey RJ, Dinapoli R, Shaw EG, Vermeulen S, Young RF, Hirato M, Inouhe HK, Ohye C, Shibazaki T: Gamma Knife for glioma: Selection factors and survival. Comment in: Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1996 Dec 1; 36(5):1279-1280 and Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1996 Dec 1; 36(5):1045-1053.

81.Sehgal A, Keener C, Boynton AL, Young RF, Vermeulen SS, Yonemura K, Kohler EP, Murphy GP, Characterization of C4-2 as a Tumor Suppressor Gene in Human Brain Tumors, J Surg Oncol 1997 Feb; 64(2):102-108.

82.Young RF: Gamma Knife Radiosurgery as a Lesioning Technique for Movement Disorder Surgery, LD Lunsford, topic ed, JA Jane, ed, Neurosurgical Focus 1997 Mar; 3(3).

83.Young RF, Vermeulen SS, Grimm P, Blasko J, Posewitz A: Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for treatment of  trigeminal neuralgia: idiopathic and tumor related.  Neurology 1997 ; 48(3):608-614.

84.Sehgal A, Keener C, Boynton AL, Young RF, Vermeulen SS, Yonemura K, Kohler EP, Murphy GP: Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Gene From Human Glioiblastoma Multiforme Tumor Tissue, Int. J. Cancer 1997 May 16; 71(4):565-572.

85.Sehgal A, Ricks S, Keener C, Boynton A, Young RF, Vermeulen SS, Yonemura K, Kohler EP, Aldape HC, Simrell CR, Murphy GP: Cloning, sequence and developmental expression analysis of C4-2, a potential brain tumor-suppressor gene. J Surg Oncol 1997 Aug; 65(4):249-257.

86.Young RF: Radiosurgery for the treatment of brain metastases. Seminars in Surgical Oncology 1998 Jan-Feb; 14(1):70-78.

87.Sehgal A, Boynton AL, Young RF, Vermeulen SS, Yonemura KS, Kohler EP, Aldape HC, Simrell CR, Murphy GP: Application of the differential hybridization of Atlas human expression arrays technique in the identification of differentially expressed genes in human glioblastoma multiforme tumor tissue, J Surg Oncol 1998 Apr; 67(4):234-241.

88.Young RF: The Role of the Gamma Knife in the Treatment of Malignant Primary and Metastatic Brain Tumors, CA Cancer J Clin 1998 May-Jun; 48(3):177-188.

89.Sehgal A, Boynton AL, Young RF, Vermeulen SS, Yonemura KS, Kohler EP, Aldape HC, Simrell CR, Murphy GP: Cell adhesion molecule Nr-CAM is over-expressed in human brain tumors. Int J Cancer 1998 May 18; 76(4):451-458.

90.Young RF, Shumway-Cook A, Vermeulen SS, Grimm P, Blasko J, Posewitz A, Burkhart WA, Goiney RC: Gamma Knife radiosurgery as a lesioning technique in movement disorder surgery. J Neurosurg 1998 Aug; 89(2):183-193.

91.Young RF, Vermeulen SS, Posewitz A.: Gamma Knife radiosurgery for the treatment of trigeminal 

neuralgia, Stereotact Funct Neurosurg, 1998; 70 (Suppl 1):192-199.

92.Young RF, Vermeulen SS, Posewitz A, Shumway-Cook A.: Pallidotomy with the Gamma Knife: a positive experience, Stereotact Funct Neurosurg,1998; 70 (Suppl 1):218-228.

93.Vermeulen SS, Young RF, Posewitz A, Grimm P, Blasko J, Kohler E.: Stereotactic radiosurgery 

toxicity in the treatment of intracanalicular acoustic neuromas: the Seattle Northwest Gamma Knife experience, Stereotact Funct Neurosurg, 1998; 70 (Suppl 1):80-87.

94. Vermeulen SS, Young RF, Li,F, Meier R, Raisis J, Klein S, Kohler E.: A Comparison of Single Fraction Radiosurgery Tumor Control and Toxicity in the Treatment o Basal and Nonbasal Meningiomas, Sterotact Funct Neurosurg, 1999;72 (Suppl 1) 60-65.

95.Young RF, Jacques S, Mark R, Kopyov O, Copcutt B, Posewits A, Li,F: Gamma knife thalamotomy for treatment of tremor: long-term results, J Neurosurg, (Suppl 3) 2000; 93: 128-135.

96.Young RF. Gamma Knife Treatment for Movement Disorders, Seminars in Neurosurgery,2001,Volume 12: 233-243.

97.Rasche D, Rinaldi, PC, Young, RF, Tronnier, VM: Deep brain stimulation for the treatment of various chronic pain syndromes, Neurosurg Focus, 2006, Volume 21: 1-8.

98. Young RF, Li, Francisco, Vermuelen Sandra, Meier, Robert.:  Gamma Knife thalamotomy for treatment of essential tremor: long-term results. J. Neurourg. November 06, 2009.

BOOKS

1.Young RF and Feldman RA: Spinal Cord Injury: Case Studies. Medical Examination Publishing Co., Inc., Flushing, New York, 428 pages, 1981. 

BOOK CHAPTERS

1.Young RF (guest editor), Binet EF, Heitzman RF, and Markarian B (editors): Foramen magnum lesion: Correlation conference in radiology/pathology. NY State J Med, 1972; 72:1844-1847.

2.Young RF and King RF: Trigeminal and glossopharyngeal neuralgia, in Current Diagnosis. Conn HF and Conn RF, Jr., editors. WB Saunders:Philadelphia, 1974; 886-889.

3.Young RF and King RB: Trigeminal and glossopharyngeal neuralgia, in Current Therapy. Conn HF and Conn RB, Jr., editors. WB Saunders:Philadelphia, 1975; 713-721.

4.Young RF: Fiber spectrum of the trigeminal sensory root of frog, cat, and human, determined by electron microscopy, in Pain in the Trigeminal Region. Anderson DJ and Matthews E, editors. Biomedical Press:Elsevier,North Holland, 1977; 137-148.

5.Feldman RA and Young RF: Management of gunshot wounds of the spine. Contemporary Neurosurgery. Tindall G, editor. Williams & Wilkins:Baltimore, 1980; 2:1-6.

6.Kruger L and Young RF: Specialized features of the trigeminal nerves and its central connections, in The Cranial Nerves. Samii M and Jannetta PJ, editors. Springer-Verlag, 1981; 273-301.

7.Young RF and Feldman RA: Metastases to the central nervous system: Diagnosis and treatment, in Oncology. Block J, editor. Wiley & Sons, 1982; 269-307.

8.Gade GF and Young RF: Minor head injury, in Primary Care Clinics and Office Practice. Symposium on Clinical Neurology. WB Saunders:Philadelphia, 1984; 667-679. 

9.Young RF, Feldman RA, Kroening R, et al: Electrical stimulation of the brain in the treatment of chronic pain in man, in Advances in Pain Research and Therapy. Kruger L and Liebeskind JC, editors. Raven Press:New York, 1984; 6:289-303.

10.Young RF: Diaphragm pacing, in Neurosurgery. Wilkins, M.D., RH and Rengachary, M.D., SS, editors. McGraw Hill:New York, 1985; 1733-1734.

11.Young RF and Modesti L: Stereotactic ablative procedures for pain relief, in Neurosurgery. Wilkins, M.D., RH and Rengachary, M.D., SS, editors. McGraw Hill:New York, 1985; 2454-2457.

12.Young RF: Stereotactic methods in management of pain, in Concepts in Neurosurgery, Stereotactic Neurosurgery. Heilbrun MP, editor. Williams & Wilkins:Baltimore, 1988; 2:149-160.

13.Young RF: A robotic system for stereotactic neurosurgery, in Modern Stereotactic Neurosurgery. Lundsford LD, editor. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, B.V.:The Hague, 1988; 259-266.

14.Young RF: Possible applications of robotics to the neurosurgical operating room, in Neurosurgery: State of the Art Reviews. Michael Apuzzo, editor. Hanley & Belfus:Philadelphia, 1988; 3:265-274.

15.Young RF: Brain stimulation, in Textbook of Pain, 2nd edition. Wall PD, editor. Churchill Livingstone:London, 1989; 925-929.

16.Young RF: Cordotomy by open operative techniques, in Neurological Surgery, 3rd edition. Youmans JR, editor. WB Saunders:Philadelphia, 1989; 4059-4069.

17.Young RF: Dorsal rhizotomy and dorsal root ganglionectomy, in Neurological Surgery, 3rd edition. Youmans JR, editor. WB Saunders:Philadelphia, 1989; 4026-4035.

18.King RB and Young RF: Cephalic pain, in Neurological Surgery, 3rd edition. Youmans JR, editor. WB Saunders:Philadelphia, 1989; 3856-3879.

19.Young RF: Trigeminal nerve and its central pathways – Physiology of facial sensation and pain, in Trigeminal Neuralgia. Rovit R, editor. Williams & Wilkins:Baltimore, 1990; 27-51.

20.Young RF: Arachnoiditis – Treatment by brain stimulation, in Common Problems in Pain Management. Breckner T, editor.  Year Book Medical Publishers:Chicago, 1990; 204-208.

21.Young RF: Trigeminal neuralgia, in Common Problems in Pain Management. Breckner T, editor.  Year Book Medical Publishers:Chicago, 1990; 51-55.

22.Young RF: Brain stimulation, in Neurosurgical Clinics of North America. Friedman WF, editor.  WB Saunders:Philadelphia, 1990; 865-880.

23.Young RF:  Chronic Pain problems, in Neurosurgical Consultations.  G. Tindall, ed.  Williams & Wilkins:Baltimore, 1991; 1-6.

24.Young RF: Chronic pain, in Reoperative Neurosurgery. Little JR and Awad IA, editors. Williams & Wilkins:Cleveland, 1992; 303-338.

25.Young RF: Percutaneous glycerol trigeminal rhizotomy, in Neurosurgical Operative Atlas, AANS :SS Rengachary, RH Wilkins editors. Williams & Wilkins:Baltimore, 1991; 127-133.

26.Young RF and Kwoh YS: Robotic-aided surgery, in Computers in Stereotactic Neurosurgery. Kelly PJ, editor. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Inc.:Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1992; 320-329.

27.Young RF: Stereotactic surgical ablation for pain relief, in Neurosurgical Operative Atlas,: SS Rengachary, RH Wilkins editors.Williams & Wilkins:Baltimore,1992; 177-188.

28. Young RF, Rinaldi P: Brain stimulation and relief of chronic pain, in Textbook of pain, 3rd edition. P.D. Wall, R. Melzak, eds., Churchill Livingstone: London, 1994; 1225-1233.

29.Young RF: Intracranial procedures for pain management, in Brain Surgery: Complication Avoidance and Management.  Apuzzo M, ed.  Churchill Livingstone: New York, 1993 :1497-1508.

30. Young RF: Stereotactic procedures for facial pain, in Brain Surgery: Complication Avoidance and Management.  Apuzzo M, ed.  Churchill Livingstone:New York, 1993 :2097-2114.

31.Young RF: Deep brain stimulation in the management of pain, in Management of Cancer Related Pain. Arbit E, ed. Futura: New York, 1993; 257-269.

32.Young RF: Periaqueductal and Periventricular Stimulation for Pain, in Neurological Surgery. Youmans JR, ed. W.B. Saunders Company: Philadelphia, 1995; 3528-3540.

33. Young RF:  Dorsal Rhizotomy and Dorsal Root Ganglionectomy, in Neurological Surgery. Youmans JR, ed. W.B. Saunders Company, Phildelphia, 1995; 3442-3451.

34.Young RF, Rinaldi P: Stereotactic ablative procedures for pain relief, in Neurosurgery.Wilkins RH & Rengachary SS, eds., 2nd edition McGraw-Hill, New York, 1996; 4061-4065.

35.Young RF: Sympathetic nervous system and pain, in The Practice of NeurosurgeryTindall GT, Cooper PR, Barrow DL, eds., Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, 1996; 3009-3019.

36.Young RF: Brain stimulation for treatment of chronic pain, in The Practice of Neurosurgery. Tindall GT, Cooper PR, Barrow DL, eds., Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, 1996; 3081-3089.

37.Young RF: Functional Disease of the Brain: Treatment by Gamma Knife Radiosurgery, Minimally Invasive Therapy of the Brain, DeSalles A, Lufkin R, eds., Thieme, New York, 1997, 225-234.

38.Young RF, Rinaldi P: Brain stimulation, in Neurosurgical Management of Pain. R.M.Levy, R.B. North, eds., Springer-Verlag, New York, 1996; 65-83.

39.Young RF: Deep brain stimulation for the treatment of chronic pain, in Current Review of Pain 2nd ed, Aronoff GM, Parris WCV, Pawl RP, Raj PP, eds., Vol. 1, Number 3, Current Science, Philadelphia, 1997.

40.Young RF: Stereotactic radiosurgery of the trigeminal nerve root for treatment of trigeminal neuralgia, in Neurosurgical Operative Atlas Volume 7. S. Rengchary, R. Wilkins, eds., American  Association of Neurological Surgeons Publications, 1997; 87-91.

41.Young RF: Deep brain stimulation for failed back, in Textbook of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery. P.L. Gildenberg, R.R. Tasker, eds., McGraw-Hill, Inc., Health Professions Division, 1998; 1621-1625.

42.Young RF, Radiosurgery versus Microsurgery for Trigeminal Neuralgia, Current Techniques in Neurosurgery. M Salcman, ed, Current Medicine, Inc., Springer, 1998; 35-43.

43.Young RF, Posewitz A, Non-Invasive Lesioning: Functional Radiosurgery. In Alexander EB III and Maciunas RM, eds. Advanced Neurosurgical Navigation. New York: Thieme, 1999; 41:507-517.

44.Young RF. Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia by radiosurgery with the Gamma Knife. In: Fisher WS, ed. Perspectives in Neurological Surgery, New York: Thieme, 1999; 9(2):1-16. 

45. Young RF. Clinical applications: Pain, Movement Disorders, and Epilepsy. In: Germano IM, ed.  LINAC and Gamma Knife Stereotactic Radiosurgery, Park Ridge, Illinois, American Association of Neurological Surgeons:  2000; 231-252.
46. Young RF. Ablative Brain Operations for Chronic Pain: Loeser JD, ed. Bonica’s Management of Pain. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2001; 2048-2066.
47. Young RF. The Gamma Knfie in Movement Disorder Surgery. In Lozano AM, ed Movement Disorder Surgery Progress and Challenges, Basel: Karger, 1999.
48. Young RF. Gamma Knife Treatment for Movement Disorders. In Seminars in Neurosurgery, ed Advances in Neurosurgical Treatment of Movement Disorders. New York: Thieme, 2001, 12(2): 233-243.

49.   Young RF., Jacques, Dean B., Radiosurgery for Pain. In: Batjer HH and Loftus CM, eds. Textbook of Neurological Surgery, Philadelphia: Lippincott William & Wilkins, 2003, 304, 2079-2085 

50.  Young RF., Radiosurgery for Pain Management, IN: Follett, K., ed., Neurosurgical Pain    Management, Elsevier Saunders, 2003, 29, 237-244

51.  Young, RF, Trigeminal Neuralgia, in Conn’s Current Therapy: 59th Edition, Rakel, RE and Bope, ET, Eds, W. Bsaunder, 2007.

52. Young RF; Gamma Knife, in: Movement Disorder Surgery: The Essentials, Bakay, R.A., Ed, Thieme,New York, 2008, 16, 237-242.

53. Young, RF. Trigeminal Neuralgia in:  Conn’s Current Therapy 2012 Edition, Bope, ET and

 Kellerman, R. Ed’s, Elsevier, New York, 2012. 

MANUSCRIPTS SUBMITTED FOR PUBLICATION

1.  Young, RF; Sereotactic Radiosurgery for Movement Disorders, in Neurosurgical Operative Atlas 2E:     Functional Neurosurgery. Starr,P, Barbaro,N, Larson,P, editors, Thieme, New York.

2.   Young, RF; Stereortactic Radosurgery of the Trigeminal Nerve root for Treatment of TrigeminalNeuralgia, in Neurosurgical Operative atlas 2E: Functional Neursurgery. Starr,P, Barbaro,N, Larson,P, editors, Theime, New York.

MANUSCRIPTS IN PROGRESS

1. Young, RF, et al, Functional Lesions made in the Human Central Nervous System with LINAC Radiosurgery.

2.Young, RF, et al, Bilateral Gamma Knife Lesioning for treatment of Movement Disorders.

ABSTRACTS, EDITORIALS, AND BRIEF COMMUNICATIONS

 1.Young RF: Response properties of dental pulp neurons in trigeminal nucleus caudalis under chloralose anesthesia. Neurosci Abstr 2:927, 1976.

 2.Nord SG and Young RF: The effect of chronic tractotomy upon the response patterns of sensory neurons in rostral trigeminal nuclei. Neurosci Abstr 3:488, 1977.

 3.Young RF and Stevens RT: Identification of unmyelinated fibers in the trigeminal motor root of human and cat. Neurosci Abstr 3:494, 1977.

 4.Young RF: Evaluation of dorsal column stimulation in the treatment of chronic pain. Neurosci Abstr 4:573, 1978.

 5.Young RF: Trigeminal neuralgia. Western J Med 131:429, 1979.

 6.Young RF and Oleson TD: Behavioral responses to dental pulp stimulation in primate. Neurosci Abstr 6:247, 1980. 

 7.Young RF: Pain [Letter] Surg Neurol  1980 Feb; 13(2):128.

 8.Perryman KM and Young RF: Facial and dental pulp-evoked potentials in the thalamus of cynomologous monkeys performing a shock-avoidance threshold task. Neurosci Abstr 7:396, 1981.

 9.Young RF: Epitome: Metastatic tumors to the spine. Western J Med 140:771, 1984. 

10.Young RF and Perryman KM: Neuronal responses in rostral trigeminal brainstem nuclei of Macaque following chronic trigeminal tractotomy. Neurosci Abstr 10:797, 1984.

11.Young RF: Electrical stimulation of the brain in the treatment of chronic pain: Experience over 5 years. Current Surg 1985.

12.Young RF, Gade GF, and Grinnel V: Surgical treatment of fungal infections of the central nervous system. Current Surg 1985.

13.Young RF: Letter to editor: Poon TP and Solis OG. Sudden death due to massive intraventricular hemorrhage: Into an unsuspected ependymoma. Surg Neurol 24:63-66, 1985.

14.Young RF: Observations on facial nociception in a monkey after destruction of the rostral part of the trigeminal sensory nuclear complex. (Letter) Pain 1985 Oct; 23(2):204-206.

15.Young RF: Laser versus radiofrequency lesions of the DREZ. (Letter) J Neurosurg 1986 Feb; 64(2):341.

16.Young RF: Cerebellar hemorhage. (Letter) Surg Neurol 1986 Feb; 25(2):198.

17.Young RF: Dorsal root entry zone lesion for treatment of deafferentation pain: Clinical and laboratory studies. J Neurological Research, 1987, abstract.

18.Young RF: Chronic benign pain: Epitomes of progress. Western J Med 145:83-90, 1986.

19.Young RF: Electrical stimulation of the brain for treatment of chronic pain: Experience 1978 – 1986.  Pacific Coast Surgical Association meeting, 1987.

20.Young RF, Rodriguez JL, Rinaldi P, and Bloomfield S: Evidence for a noradrenergic mechanism for pain relief by electrical stimulation in certain brain sites in humans. American Association of Neurological Surgeons, Annual Meeting, April 24-28, 1988, abstract.

21.Young RF, Chaparro M, Shen V, Katz J, and Smith M: Chromosomal alterations in human brain tumors. Neurosurg 24:636, 1989, abstract.

22.Shen V, Walter B, Cain M, Young RF, Katz J, and Smith M: Extraskeletal chondrosarcoma with /a/ allele loss in chromosome 22 and chromosome 10. Third International Workshop on Chromosomes in Solid Tumors, February 26-28, 1989, abstract.

23.Young RF: Comments on publication: Kumar K, Wyant G, and Nath R: Deep brain stimulation for control of intractable pain in humans, present and future: A ten-year follow-up. Neurosurg 26:781-82, 1990.

24.Young RF, Rinaldi P, Albe-Fessard D, and Chodakiewitz J: Single units recorded from intralaminar thalamic nuclei in patients with deafferentation pain exhibit hyperactivity. Neurosci abstr 1990.

25.Young RF: Book review – Neurosurgical and Medical Management of Pain: Trigeminal Neuralgia, Chronic Pain, and Cancer Pain.Brisman R, editor. J Neurosurg 72:670, 1990.

26.Rinaldi P, Young RF, and Tronnier VM: Bursting activity of thalamic neurons recorded from chronic pain patients is modified by electrical stimulation in P.V.G. Neurosci abstr 17:1560, 1991.

27.Young RF, Tronnier VM, Rinaldi P: Chronic stimulation of the nucleus Kolliker fuse region for relief of intractable pain in humans. Neurosci abstr 17:1043, 1991.

28.Lis-Planells M, Neeve J, Rinaldi P, Tadir Y, Berns M, Young RF: Evaluation of the excimer laser for dorsal root entry zone lesions: A biological model. American College of Surgeons annual meeting, January 22-24, 1993, abstract.

29. Young RF, Rand RW, Jacques DB, Copcutt B.: Stereotactic medial thalamotomy with the Leksell Gamma Knife for treatment of chronic pain. Acta Neurochir, 122:177, 1993, abstract.

30.Cojocaru TT, Young RF: Study of MRI field distortion using a Stereotactic Phantom model. America Association of Neurological Surgeons annual meeting, April 9-14, 1994.

31.Young RF: Book Review, The Headaches, Olesen, Tfelt-Hansen, Welch eds. Neurosurgery, 35:4, 1994.

32.Young RF: comments on “g-Thalamotomy with a Computerized Brain Atlas: Technical Case Report”, Otsuki, Jokura, Takahashi, Ishikawa, Yoshimoto, Kimura, Yoshida, Miyazawa. Neurosurgery, 35:4, 1994.

33.Young RF: Gamma Knife Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia. American Association of Neurological Surgeons Section on Pain Newsletter, Issue 2,Volume 1, Fall, 1994.

34. Young RF: comments on “Brain Stimulation in the Management of Persistent Pain”, Gybels, Kupers. Operative Neurosurgical Techniques, Schmidek and Sweet, eds., W.B. Saunders, 3rd edition: 1399-1401, March, 1995.

35.Young, RF: comments on “Transcranial Magnetic Coil Stimulation of Motor Cortex in Patients with Central Pain”, Migita, Uozumi, Arita, Monden, Neurosurgery, 36:1040, 1995.

36.Young RF: Propofol (Diprivan). (Letter) Neurosurg 1995 Jul; 37(1):160-161.

37.Young, RF: comments on “Early Postoperative Appearance of Radiofrequency Lesions on Magentic Resonance Imaging”, DeSalles, Brekhus, DeSouza, Behnke, Farahani, Anzai, Lufkin, Neurosurgery, 36:936-937, 1995.

38.Young RF, Posewitz A: Accuracy of stereotaxis. (Letter; Comment) Comment in: J Neurosurg 1995 Aug; 83(2):271-276 and J Neurosurg 1996 Feb; 84(2):303-304.

39.Young, RF, Posewitz, A: comments on “Magnetic resonance image-directed stereotactic neurosurgery: use of image fusion with computerized tomography to enhance spatial accuracy, J. Neurosurgery, 84:303-304, 1996.

40.Rinaldi PC, Parker ES, Chodakiewitz J, Young RF, “Cognitive effects of left medial thalamic stimulation in two patients with deep brain electrodes for relief of chronic pain”, Abstracts for Neuroscience 1996.

41.Young RF: comments on “Cervical central cord syndrome involving the spinal trigeminal nucleus: a case report”, HS Chang, Surgical Neurology, 44:239-240, 1996.

42.Young RF: letter to the editor RE: “Surgery versus radiosurgery in the treatment of brain metastases”, J. Neurosurg 84:748-754, 1996.

43.Young RF: Surgery or radiosurgery. (Letter; Comment) J Neurosurg 1997 Jan; 86(1):167-168; Discussion 169-170 and J Neurosurg 1996 May; 84(5):748-754.

44.Young RF: Book Review, Trigeminal Neuralgia, JM Zakrzewska, Neurosurgery, 40:417, 1997.

45. Young RF: comments on “Extracranial radiaiton doses in patients undergoing gamma knife radiosurgery.” C Yu, Neurosurg 41:559 Sept. 1997.
46. Young RF comments on “Effect of anode-cahode configuration on paresthesa coverage in spinal cord stimulation.” D Sakas, Neurosurg 41:660 Sept. 1997

47.Young RF: Letter to the editor, reply to Hochman MS: jaw clenching following Gamma Knife treatment for trigeminal neuralgia. Neurology 1998 Apr; 50(4):1193-1194.

47. Young RF: comments on “Relief of trigeminal neuralgia after percutaneous refrogasserian glyceral rhizolysis is dependent on normalizaiton of abnormal temporal summation of pain without general impairment of sensory perception.” P Eide, Neurosurg 43:472 Sept 1998.
48. Young RF: comments on “Trigeminal Neuralgia resulting form infarction of the root entry zone of the trigeminal nerve: Case report.” A Golby, Neurosurg 43:622 Sept. 1998.
49. Young RF: comment on “Trigeminal neuropathic pain: Pathophysiological mechanisms examined by quantitative assessment of abnormal pain and sensory perception.” P Eide, Neurosurg 43:1109 Dec. 1998.
50. Young RF: comments on “Image-guided robotic radiosurgery.” Adler, JR, etal., Neurosurg 44:1306, 1999.
51. Young RF: comments on “Bilateral cingulotomy for chronic pain.” Wilkinson, H., etal, Neurosurg45:1134, 1999.
52. Young, RF comments on “Experimental Trigeminal Nerve Radiosurgery” Kondzilka, et al., Neurosugery  vol. 46, no 4: 977, April 2000.
53. Young, RF  Dosimetry of a novel rotating gamma system for stereotactic radiosurgery” 16:30-17:30 Oral Session – OS26 – Physics 2.  11:30-12:30 Oral Session – OS15 – Functional 2 – Pain, Movement Disorders, Epilepsy.  Wednesday 11 May 2011.
54. Young, RF “Functional neurosurgery with the gamma knife:  17 years experience.  10:30-11:30 Oral SE 11:30-12:30 Plenary Session PS-2 – Special lecturers, Oral Presentations & Invited Conference.  Monday 9 May 2011.

EDITORIAL SERVICES

Pain (Journal of the International Association for the Study of Pain), Associate Editor.

Neurosurgical Consultations, Contributing Consultant.

Neurosurgical Research, Member, Editorial Board.

Ad Hoc editorial reviewer for:

· Bulletin of the Los Angeles Neurological Societies

· Critical Care Medicine

· Experimental Neurology

· Neurosurgery

· Science

· Archives of Oral Biology

· Lasers in Surgery & Medicine 

· Brain Research

· U.S. Food and Drug Administration

· Neurological Research

· Cancer

· Surgical Neurology

· Headache: The Journal of Headache Face Pain

· The Journal of Radiosurgery, Member, Editorial Review Board

Seminars in Surgical Oncology, Guest Editor, Brain Neoplasms, 14:1, 1998.

RESEARCH GRANT SUPPORT

Granting Agency

Amount

Period

Title

National Institutes of Health

$ 12,000

July 1970

June 1971

Special Research

National Institutes of Health

NS 11248

$ 46,500

June 1974

May 1977

Interdependence of trigeminal primary relay nuclei

National Institutes of Dental Research

DE 04347

$ 58,799

June 1976

Aug 1979

Anatomical study trigeminal primary afferent fibers

Harbor/UCLA Medical Center

General Biomedical Support Grant–NIH

$ 3,000

Oct 1977

Sept 1978

Psychophysical study of dental pain sensation in monkeys

$ 7,800

July 1978

Dec 1979

Research equipment

Department of transportation, University of Southern California (Consultant)

$ 129,135

Aug 1978

Aug 1980

Spinal injuries in motorcycle accidents: Collection of pathologic and injury severity data

National Institute of Dental Research

DE 05208

$ 167,756

Sept 1979

Dec 1982

Mechanisms of dental and facial sensation

UCLA/Jonson Cancer Center

California Institute for Cancer Research

$ 20,000

June 1981

May 1982

Role of the Thalamus in cancer pain.

Harbor/UCLA Medical Center

Research & Education

$ 3,000

May 1981

April 1982

Single-unit mechanism of dental sensation 

Memorial Hospital Medical Center Foundation Long Beach, California

$ 6,000

April 1982

March 1983

The role of endorphins in chronic pain

Memorial Hospital Medical Center FoundationLong Beach, California

$ 12,475

April 1983

March 1984

The role of endorphins in chronic pain

National Institute of Dental Research

CF 4412

$ 15,500

Sept 1983

Sept 1984

Pain assessment on patients receiving chronic electrical stimulation of the brain for intractable chronic pain

National Institute of Dental Research

CF 4412

$ 4,650

Sept 1984

Sept 1985

Extension of above

Medtronic, Inc. 

Minneapolis, Minnesota

$ 80,000

Dec 1986

Effect of chronic electrical stimulation in rabbit  thalamus

National Cancer Institute 

Brain Tumor Cooperative Group

Capitation Grant

Treatment of malignant glial brain tumors

Medtronic, Inc. 

Minneapolis, Minnesota

Capitation Grant

May 1989

Deep brain stimulation for treatment of chronic pain

Medtronics, Inc.

Minneapolis, Minnesota

Capitation Grant

March 1990

Pisces-Quinta

Trigeminal ganglion lead for the treatment of chronic facial pain

Elekta AB

Stockholm, Sweden

$ 127,238

Nov 1994

Present

Functional Neurosurgery with the Leksell Gamma Knife: An Indication Specific Outcome Study

CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS

1.Outcome study of Gamma Knife treatment for multiple brain metastases. With D. S. Jacques, M.D., 

J.Henderson, PhD.

2.Outcome study of Gamma Knife treatment for chronic pain, Parkinson’s disease and

trigeminal neuralgia. Funded by Elekta AB.

3.Radiobiology of functional lesions made with the Gamma Knife.

PRESENTATIONS TO PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES AND COURSES

October 9-11, 1978Western Neurosurgical Society: Recurrent intracranial blastomycetic abscess. Annual Meeting, Pebble Beach, California.

May 31 – June 2, 1979Research Society of Neurological Surgery: Effect of trigeminal tractotomy on

behavioral responses to dental pulp stimulation in primates.  Annual Meeting,

​​Bethesda, Maryland.

September 22-26, 1979Western Neurosurgical Society: Spinal stenosis in achondroplasia. Diagnosis 

and treatment. Annual Meeting, Scottsdale, Arizona.

October 7-12, 1979Congress of Neurological Surgeons:  Achondroplasia: Clinical spectrum and

results of surgical treatment.  Annual Meeting, Las Vegas, Nevada.

February 21-24, 1980Federation of Western Societies of Neurological Science: Laminectomy and radiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone in the treatment of spinal epidural metastases with spinal cord compression. Invited faculty presentation, Santa 

Barbara, California. 

April 20-24, 1980American Association of Neurological Surgeons:  Effect of trigeminal tractotomy on behavioral responses to dental pulp stimulation in primate.  Annual Meeting, New York, New York.

June 2-6, 1980International Symposium on the Cranial Nerves:  Topographic and functional anatomy of the trigeminal nerve. With L. Kruger, M.D. Hanover, Germany.

September 1980American Pain Society Annual Meeting:  Behavioral responses to dental pulp stimulation in primate.  (With T. Oleson, M.D.) NewYork, New York.

November, 1980Neuroscience Society: Effect of trigeminal tractotomy and cervical rhizotomyon responses to dental pulp stimulation in primates.  Annual Meeting, Cincinnati, Ohio.

March 17, 1981Wadsworth Veterans Administration Medical Center Rehabilitation Engineering Education Program:  Pain management for physical therapists. Wadsworth, California.

April 6-10, 1981American Association of Neurological Surgeons:  Stereotaxic methods fortreatment of chronic pain. Annual Meeting, Boston, Massachusetts.

May 8, 1981Seminar Director:  New Alternative Methods for the Treatment of Chronic Intractable Pain. UCLA School of Medicine, Division of Neurosurgery and Department of Anesthesiology.  Presentation:  Mechanisms of descending pain control.  Los Angeles, California.

May 9, 1981Western U.S.A. Pain Society:  Periaqueductal gray stimulation in the treatment of chronic pain.  Annual Meeting, Los Angeles, California.

June 17-20, 1981Congress of Scandinavian Neurosurgical Society:  Dental and facial painsensation in human and nonhuman primates: Effect of trigeminal tractotomy.Aarhus, Denmark.

October 10-16, 1981American College of Surgeons, Surgical Forum presentation:  Potentials evoked in thalamic nuclei of Macaques by electrical stimulation of dental pulp: Effect of trigeminal tractotomy. San Francisco, California.

October 20, 1981Society for Neuroscience:  Facial and dental pulp-evoked potentials in thethalamus of cynomologous monkeys performing a shock-avoidance thresholdtask.  Annual Meeting, Los Angeles, California.

October 21, 1981Congress of Neurological Surgeons:  Treatment of central pain due to spinal cord injury. Annual Meeting, Los Angeles, California.

February 12, 1982University of Southern California, School of Medicine:  Treatment of chronicpain by periaqueductal gray and thalamic stimulation. Los Angeles, California.

February 18-20, 1982State University of New York, Upstate Medical Center: A.  Information processing in the trigeminal somatosensory system; B.  Treatment of chronic 

pain by electrical stimulation of the brain.  Invited speaker, Syracuse, New York.

March 5-6, 1982Seminar on Implantable Devices:  Treatment of chronic pain due to spinalcord injury. Invited speaker, Scottsdale, Arizona.

April 26-29, 1982American Association of Neurological Surgeons:  Potentials evoked in thalamic  nuclei by orofacial stimuli in unanesthetized Macaques – Effect of trigeminal tractotomy.  Annual Meeting, Honolulu, Hawaii.

May 16-20, 1982German Neurosurgical Society Meeting:  Periaqueductal gray matter and thalamic stimulation in the treatment of chronic pain.  Kiel, West Germany.

May 21, 1982St. Elizabeth’s Hospital:  Electrical stimulation of deep brain targets for the treatment of chronic pain.  Invited speaker, Ravensburg, West Germany.

September 8, 1982Torrance Memorial Hospital:  Neurosurgical treatment of post-herpetic neuralgia.  Medical Staff Meeting, Torrance, California.

October 29-31, 1982The American Pain Society:  Brain stimulation for chronic pain in humans. Chairperson of Symposium, Annual Meeting, Miami, Florida.

October 29-31, 1982The American Pain Society:  Selection of stimulation targets for DES in

relation to pain type and preoperative evaluation results.  Annual Meeting,

Miami, Florida.

February 4, 1983Daniel Freeman Memorial Hospital:  Deep brain stimulation for treatment of

chronic pain. Neurology Seminar, Inglewood, California.

February 9, 1983Southern California Neurosurgical Society:  Brain stimulation for treatment of 

chronic pain. Annual Meeting, Beverly Hills, California.

February 16-18, 198316th Annual Intra-Science Research Foundation:  Electrical stimulation of the 

brain in the treatment of chronic pain in man.  Internations Symposium, Santa

Monica, California.

March 8, 1983Centinela Hospital Medical Center:  Use of periaqueductal gray implants. Medical Education Conference, Inglewood, California.

March 12, 1983California Medical Association:  The effective management of the difficultpatient: Mechanisms and measurement of pain.  Annual Scientific Assembly, Los Angeles, California.

April 25, 1983American Association of Neurological Surgery:  Clinical effectiveness and mechanism of action of deep brain stimulation for treatment of chronic pain.

Annual Meeting, Washington, D.C.

October 3, 1983Western Neurosurgical Society:  Electrical stimulation of the brain for treatment of chronic pain.  Annual Meeting, San Diego, California.

October 24, 1983American Academy of Neurological Surgery:  Is pain relief from deep brain stimulation due to release of endogenous opiates?  Annual Meeting, Pebble Beach, California.

November 11, 1983American Pain Society:  Role of rostral trigeminal brainstem nuclei in orofacial pain perception.  Annual Meeting, Chicago, Illinois.

January 28, 1984Southern California Chapter of the American College of Surgeons:  Electricalstimulation of the brain for treatment of intractable pain.  Santa Barbara, California.

February 3, 1984Hahnemann University Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery:  Electricalstimulation of the brain for treatment of chronic pain.  Philadelphia, 

Pennsylvania.

February 21, 1984Southern California Pain Society Meeting:  Deep brain stimulation in chronic,benign, and cancer pain patients.  Los Angeles, California.

March 16, 1984Martin Luther King General Hospital:  Surgical Grand Rounds.  Los Angeles,

California.

April 1, 1984First International Congress on Advances in Orthopedic Surgery and 

Traumatology: Electrical stimulation of the brain for treatment of chronic 

pain in man.  Palm Springs, California.

August 31 –International Association for the Study of Pain: A. Periaqueductal gray 

September 5, 1984stimulation for treatment of chronic pain; B.  Anatomy and physiology of 

trigeminal somatosensory system.  Seattle, Washington.

September 14, 1984American Physical Therapy Association, California Chapter:  Anatomy, Physiology, biochemistry of human pain perception.  San Francisco, California.

September 15, 1984Memorial Medical Center of Long Beach, Neuroscience Nursing, II: Neurologic Pain. Long Beach, California.

February 27, 1985The Southern California Neurosurgical Society:  Cordotomy, Open & Closed. Los Angeles, California.

March 13, 1985Society of University of Neurosurgeons:  Pain relief by periventricular graystimulation: Evidence for non-opioid mechanisms.  Annual Meeting, Denver, Colorado.

March 15, 1985University of California, Irvine, Medical Center, Department of Surgery: Trigeminal Neuralgia.  Grand Rounds, Orange, California.

April 23, 1985American Association of Neurological Surgeons:  Surgical management of pain.  Breakfast Seminar, Annual Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia.

April 24, 1985American Association of Neurological Surgeons:  Trigeminal Neuralgia. Breakfast Seminar, Annual Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia.

April 23-25, 1985American Association of Neurological Surgeons:  Dorsal root entry zonelesions:  An experimental comparison utilizing radiofrequency and laser techniques in the dog.  Poster Session, Annual Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia.

April 23-25, 1985American Association of Neurological Surgeons:  Prophylactic antibiotics forprevention of neurosurgical infections. 

April 23-25, 1985American Association of Neurological Surgeons:  Treatment of spinal metastases.

September 23, 1985Western Neurosurgical Society:  Treatment of trigeminal neuralgia by retrogasserian glycerol injection.  Scientific Program, Annual Meeting, Napa, California.

October 18, 1985American Pain Society:  Intrathecal opiates for treatment of chronic pain. Panel Moderator, Dallas, Texas.

March 12, 1986San Joaquin Community Hospital Tumor Board:  The techniques of stereotactic biopsy of intracranial masses.  Bakersfield, California.

May 1986Society of University Neurosurgeons:  Retrogasserian glycerol injection for treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.  Louisville, Kentucky.

August 20, 1986Orange County Pain Society:  Stereotactic deep brain implantation for stimulation in the management of patients with intractable pain.  State-of-the-art, as well as personal, experience with this interesting technique.  Orange, California.

October 22, 1986University of California, Irvine, Medical Center, Department of Radiology: Stereotactic Neurosurgery.  Grand Rounds, Orange, California.

October 30, 1986University of California, Irvine, Division of Neurological Surgery, Progress in Neurosurgeryfor UC Irvine:  Brain Tumor Cooperative Group.  Dinner​​and Scientific Meeting, Orange, California.

December 17, 1986Daniel Freeman Memorial Hospital:  Neurosurgical treatment of chronic pain: Recent advances.  Neurosciences Conference, Inglewood, California.

January 17, 1987American College of Surgeons, Southern California Chapter:  DREZ lesions for treatment of deafferentation pain: Clinical and lab experience.  Santa Barbara, California.

March 7, 1987NAON: Course on orthopaedics, head to toe:  Deep brain implant for pain control in orthopaedics.  Long Beach, California.

March 11, 1987Southern California Neurosurgical Society Symposium on Trends in Neurosurgery:  Glycerol for trigeminal neuralgia.  Los Angeles, California.

April 1, 1987University of Washington Harborview Medical Center, Department of Neurological Surgery: Deep brain stimulation for pain.  Grand Rounds, Seattle, Washington.

June 6, 1987Cedars-Sinai Medical Center:  Neurosurgery update, head trauma program.Southern California Head Trauma Epidemiology.  Los Angeles, California.

August 4, 1987University of California, Irvine, Summer Science Teacher’s Program: Robots in the operating room.  Irvine, California.

August 12, 1987Santa Cruz Hospital, Dominican Neurological Institute Conference:  Recent advances in the anatomy, physiology, and management of chronic pain; The failed back: Prevention and treatment.  Santa Cruz, California.

September 11, 1987University of California, Los Angeles, School of Medicine, Center for the

Health Sciences: A neurosurgeon’s role in understanding and treating pain.Los Angeles, California.

September 18, 1987Veterans Administration Medical Center, Neurology Department Seminar:  Mechanisms of surgical therapy of pain.  Wadsworth, California.

October 9, 1987Dominican Neurological Institute:  Recent advances in the anatomy, physiology and management of chronic pain.  Santa Cruz, California. 

October 28, 1987Congress of Neurological Surgeons:  The art and science of pain management.  Annual Meeting, Baltimore, Maryland.

November 12, 1987University of California, Irvine, Division of Neurological Surgery, Progress in Neurological Surgery for UCI:  Update on the UCI Brain Tumor Program. Dinner and Scientific Meeting, Orange, California.

January 24, 1988American College of Surgeons, Southern California Chapter:  New targets in the stereotaxic treatment of chronic pain.  Annual Meeting, Newport Beach, California.

February 18, 1988Uniiversity of California, San Diego.  Neurosurgery Resident Lecture Series. San Diego, California.

March 2, 1988Southern California Neurosurgical Society:  Potential applications of robotics in the neurosurgical operating room.  Los Angeles, California.

September 12, 1988Hoag Memorial Hospital, Medical Staff Conference:  Neurological surgical treatment of pain.  Newport Beach, California.

September 27, 1988Congress of Neurological Surgeons Meeting, Workshop:  Brain stimulation for treatment of chronic pain.  Seattle, Washington.

October 1, 1988State University of New York, Department of Neurosurgery:  Brain stem stimulation for chronic pain.  Robert B. King, M.D, Teaching Day.

Syracuse, New York.

November 9, 1988University of California, Irvine, Division of Neurological Surgery, Progress in Neurosurgery for UCI:  Molecular biology of brain tumors.  Dinner and Scientific Meeting, Orange, California.

November 13, 1988American and Canadian Pain Societies Meeting:  Efficacy of deep brain stimulation. Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

November 16, 1988University of California, Irvine, Department of Anesthesiology:  Management of central nervous system injury.  Orange, California.

December 9, 1988American Academy of Pain Medicine:  Central nervous system stimulationprocedures. Annual Conference, Anaheim, California.

January 6, 1989University of California, Los Angeles:  Update on new procedures for pain management. Los Angeles, California.

January 27, 1989University of California, Irvine, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology: Spinal cord syndromes.  Irvine, California.

February 6, 1989Richard Lende Winter Neurosurgery Conference:  The nucleus Kolliker-fuse: A new target for electrical stimulation to relieve pain in humans.  Snowbird,Utah.

March 15, 1989Southern California Neurosurgical Society:  Management of trigeminal neuralgia.  Long Beach, California.

April 4, 1989American Association of Neurological Surgeons:  Electrical stimulation for relief of chronic pain: Ten years’ experience.  Annual Meeting, Washington,

D.C.

May 17, 1989City of Hope National Medical Center, Department of Neurology:  CNS stimulation for intractable pain.  Duarte, California.

July, 1989American Academy of Neurological Surgery: Functional stereotactic N/SYwith MRI and neurophysiologic guidance.

August 2, 1989University of California, Irvine, Cancer Center, Multidisciplinary Lecture Series: Management of acute neurologic problems in the cancer patient.Orange, California.

September 28, 1989American Academy of Neurological Surgery:  Functional stereotactic neurosurgery using magnetic resonance imaging guidance.  Annual Meeting,Tucson, Arizona.

February 23, 1990Society of University Neurosurgeons:  Spontaneous neuronal hyperactivity in the intralaminar thalamic nuclei of patients with deafferentation pain.  Sun Club meeting, New Orleans, Louisiana.

April 12, 1990University of California, Los Angeles, Pain Center:  Surgical procedures for pain relief.  Los Angeles, California.

May 1, 1990American Association of Neurological Surgeons:  Instrumentation for pain control.  Annual Meeting, Nashville, Tennessee.

May 2, 1990American Association of Neurological Surgeons:  Current treatment of facial pain.  Annual Meeting, Nashville, Tennessee.

May 2, 1990American Association of Neurological Surgeons:  Spontaneous neuronal hyperactivity in the intralaminar thalamic nuclei of patients with 

deafferentation pain.  Annual Meeting, Nashville, Tennessee.

June 30, 1990Hoag Hospital Pain Conference:  Pain and the neurosurgeon.  Newport Beach, California.

July 14, 1990North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Special Research Conference on the Periaqueductal Grey:  Cardiovascular changes induced by periaqueductal grey (PAG) stimulation in humans.  Chateau de Bonas, France.

September 25, 1990University of California, Irvine, Medical Center, Certified Neurosurgical R.N. Review Course:  Pain and pain syndromes.  Orange, California.

October 19-20, 1990University of California, Irvine, Medical Center, Division of Neurological Surgery: Stereotactic Neurosurgery in Practice,  Course director and speaker. Orange, California.

October 22, 1990Congress of Neurological Surgeons, Luncheon Discussion Group:  Management of chronic pain.  Annual Meeting, Los Angeles, California.

January 17, 1991University of California, Irvine, Division of Neurological Surgery and The Society of Neurological Surgeons of Orange County, Progress in Neurosurgery for University of California, Irvine:  Posterior lumbar interbody fusion.  Dinner and Scientific Meeting, Orange, California. 

February 22, 1991Uniiversity of California, Irvine, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology:  Spinal cord syndromes.  Irvine,  California.

April 10, 1991Southern California Neurosurgical Society, Inc.:  Posterior lumbar interbody fusion.  Annual Symposium.  Pasadena, California.

April 24, 1991American Association of Neurological Surgeons:  Patient selection for brain stimulation to treat chronic pain: The morphine screening test.  Annual Meeting.  New Orleans, Louisiana. 

May 10, 1991Western U.S.A. Pain Society: Neurosurgical procedures in pain interruption.  Annual Meeting, Oxnard, California.

August 16-17, 1991University of California, Irvine, Medical Center, Division of Neurological Surgery Stereotactic Neurosurgery in Practice, Course director and speaker.Orange,California.

August 22, 1991Rehabilitation Nurses Society: Deep brain stimulation.  Long Beach, California.

September 13, 1991Hoag Memorial Hospital Pain Management Symposium: Modern techniques in neurosurgical management of pain. Newport Beach, California.

September 14, 1991Huntington Memorial Hospital Center for Functional Rehabilitation and Pain Management: Spinal and deep brain stimulation for treatment of chronic pain.Pasadena,California.

September 22, 1991Western Neurological Society: Trigeminal nerve stimulation for treatment of intractable facial pain. Annual Meeting, Phoenix, Arizona.

October 18, 1991California Medical Association: Fourth pre-cals/ Medical staff Staff leadership conference. San Francisco, CA.

October 28, 1991Orange County Pain Society: Percutaneous epidural dorsal column stimulation for chronic pain.

April 12, 1992American Association of Neurological Surgeons: Use of archival tissue in the molecular genetic analysis of human central nervous system tumors. San Francisco, CA.

April 29, 1992Grand Rounds: Gamma Knife Radiosurgery: Clinical Indications and Expected Outcomes, Eastern Idaho Regional Medical Center, Idaho Falls, ID. 

June 4, 1992University of California Los Angeles: Orofacial pain and endodontic postgraduate students: Neurosurgical approaches for facial pain and headache. 

June 9, 1992Long Beach Memorial: Epilepsy Program.  Long Beach

June 10, 1992National Pain Institute: Implantation Techniques. Huntington Beach.

June 27, 1992Society of University Neurosurgeons: Neurochemical mechanisms of Pain Relief by electrical Stimulation of the brain. Hanover, New Hampshire.

September 25, 1992Hoag Hospital: Pain management symposium, Post herpetic neuralgia/Herpes zoster. Newport Beach, Ca.

February 2, 1993Northwest Hospital: Radiosurgery with the Leksell gamma knife, Seattle, Washington.

February 26, 1993University of California Irvine, College of Medicine, Neuroscience course: Spinal Cord Syndrome. Irvine, Ca.

April 24-29, 1993American Association of Neurological Surgeons, Annual Meeting: 1.) Deep brain stimulation for treatment of  chronic pain; fifteen years experience, 2.) Posterior lumbar interbody fusion for treatment of lumber spondylosis and spondylolistheses, Boston, MA.

May 5-8, 1993Society of University Neurosurgeons, Annual Meeting: Stereotactic medial thalamotomy with the Leksell Gamma Knife for treatment of chronic pain, St.

Louis, MO.

May 27-28, 1993International Gamma Knife Symposium: Stereotactic medial thalamotomy with the Leksell Gamma Knife for treatment of chronic pain, Denver, CO.

June 13-15, 1993Leksell Gamma Knife Society, Fifth Annual Meeting: Stereotactic medial thalamotomy with the Leksell Gamma Knife for treatment of chronic pain, Aronsborg, Sweden.

June 16-19, 1993International Stereotactic Radiosurgery Society, Annual Meeting: Stereotactic medial thalamotomy with the Leksell Gamma Knife for treatment of chronic pain, Stockholm, Sweden.

June 29, 1993Northwest Hospital Operating Room Staff: Brain Stimulation for Chronic Pain, Seattle, WA.

August 22-27, 1993International Association for the Study of Pain, 7th World Congress on Pain: Stereotactic Medial Thalamotomy with the Leksell Gamma Knife for Treatment of Chronic Pain, Paris, France.

September 11, 1993American Parkinson’s Disease Association, Washington State AnnualMeeting: Comparison of Neurosurgical Techniques for the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease, Tacoma, Washington.

September 19-22, 1993Western Neurosurgical Society, Annual Meeting: Stereotactic Medial Thalamotomy with the Leksell Gamma Knife for Treatment of Chronic Pain, Kawaihae, Hawaii. 

September 23-25, 1993International Stereotactic Radiosurgery Symposium: Stereotactic Radiosurgery for the Treatment of Epilepsy, Lanai City, Hawaii.

October 1, 1993CME Course, The Role of the Gamma Knife in Current Neurosurgery: Stereotactic Radiosurgery with the Leksell Gamma Knife, Seattle, Washington.

October 3, 1993Congress of Neurological Surgeons, Annual Meeting: poster exhibit, Stereotactic Medial Thalamotomy with the Leksell Gamma Knife for Treatment of Chronic Pain, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

October 27-31, 1993American Academy of Neurological Surgeons, Annual Meeting: Radiosurgery of Pain and Functional Syndromes, Lynchfield, Arizona

December 1, 1993Northwest Hospital Physical Therapy: Gamma Knife and Physical Therapy, Seattle,WA.

January 19, 1994Northwest Eye Center inservice, Seattle, WA.

January 20, 1994Conjoin conference: Gamma Knife Radiosurgery: Clinical Indications and Expected Outcomes, Deaconness and Sacred Heart Hospitals, Spokane, WA. 

February 8, 1994King County Parkinson’s Support Group: Treatment Options for Parkinson’s Disease, Seattle, WA.

February 15, 1994American Academy of Orofacial Pain, Annual Meeting, invited speaker: Neurosurgical Procedures for Management of Orofacial Pain, Chicago, Illinois.

February 17, 1994AORN tour of Gamma Knife Center and presentation, Introduction to Gamma Knife Radiosurgery, Seattle, WA.

February 21, 1994Grand Rounds: Gamma Knife Radiosurgery: Clinical Indications and expected Outcomes, Pacific Neuro-Psychiatric Institute, Seattle, WA.

March 5-6, 1994First Asia-Pacific Minimally Invasive Neurosurgical Course, Singapore: 

1) Course Director – hands on workshop: Stereotaxis with the Leksell Micro-Stereotactic System

2) The Leksell Stereotactic System

3) Functional Neurosurgery

March 5, 1994Special lecture, Stereotactic Radiosurgery with the Leksell Gamma Knife, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.

March 25, 1994Grand Rounds: Gamma Knife Radiosurgery: Clinical Indications and Expected Outcomes, Providence Hospital, Anchorage, AK.

March 25, 1994Grand Rounds: Gamma Knife Radiosurgery: Clinical Indications and Expected Outcomes, Alaska Regional Medical Center, Anchorage, AK. 

March 30, 1994Grand Rounds: Gamma Knife Radiosurgery: Clinical Indications and Expected Outcomes, VA Medical Center, Roseburg, OR.

April 15, 1994Northwest Medical Case Managers Association annual meeting: Gamma Knife Radiosurgery: Clinical Indications and Expected Outcomes, Seattle, WA.

May 10, 19946th Annual Leksell Gamma Knife Society, Stereotactic Medial Thalamotomywith the Leksell Gamma Knife for Treatment of Chronic Pain, Kyoto, Japan.

May 11, 19946th Annual Leksell Gamma Knife Society, Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Treatment of Multiple Brain Metastases, Kyoto, Japan.

June 9, 1994Washington Medical Case Managers Association annual meeting: Gamma Knife Radiosurgery: Clinical Indications and Expected Outcomes, Seattle, WA.

June 18, 1994Society of University Neurosurgeons, Annual Meeting: Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Treatment of Multiple Brain Metastases, Lyons, France.

July 22, 1994Neurosurgical Association of Thailand, Annual Meeting: Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for AVMs and Acoustic Neuromas, Pattaya, Thailand.

July 23, 1994Royal College of Surgeons, Thailand, Annual Meeting: Functional Neurosurgery for Pain, Pattaya, Thailand.

July 25, 1994Singapore General Hospital Neuroscience Secretariat: Radiosurgery for Cerebral Metastases, Singapore.

October 4, 1994Congress of Neurological Surgeons, Annual Meeting: Medial Thalamotomy for Chronic Pain: A Comparison of Gamma Knife and Radiofrequency Stereotactic Techniques, Chicago, Illinois.

October 5, 1994Congress of Neurological Surgeons, Annual Meeting breakfast seminar: Trigeminal Neuralgia, Chicago, Illinois.

November 9, 1994Visiting Professor, Division of Neurosurgery, University of British Columbia 1. Grand Rounds: The Current Status of Gamma Knife Radiosurgery.

2. Professors Rounds: Presentation of two cases.

January 17, 1995Northwest Neuroscience Clinical Conference, Northwest Hospital, Seattle,Washington: Functional Neurosurgery at Northwest Hospital.

January 18, 1995Visiting Professor, Department of Neurosurgery, University of California,Irvine: Functional Neurosurgery with the Leksell Gamma Knife.

January 20, 1995Lecturer, opening course, Scripps Memorial Hospital Gamma Knife Center, La Jolla, California:

1. Functional Neurosurgery with the Leksell Gamma Knife

2. Gamma Knife Database and the Future of Gamma Knife Neurosurgery 

February 15, 1995Lecturer, CME course, Recent Advances in Neurology for Primary Care Physicians, Northwest Hospital, Seattle, Washington: Use of the Gamma Knife in the Treatment of Cerebral Lesions.

March 10, 1995American Society for Stereotactic andFunctional Neurosurgery, Annual Meeting: Functional Neurosurgery with the Leksell Gamma Knife, Marina del Rey, California.

April 24, 1995American Association of Neurological Surgeons, Annual Meeting: Moderator, breakfast seminar: Neurosurgical Management of Cancer Pain, Orlando, Florida. 

April 26, 1995American Association of Neurological Surgeons, Annual Meeting: Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia, Orlando, Florida.

May 3, 1995Inservice: Gamma Knife Radiosurgery: clinical indications, complications and expected outcomes, Blue Cross of Washington & Alaska, Seattle,Washington. 

June 14, 1995International Stereotactic Radiosurgery Society, Annual Meeting: 1. Gamma Knife radiosurgery for treatment of multiple metastases, 2. Gamma Knife treatment of functional disorders.

August 11, 1995Grand Rounds, Providence Hospital: Introduction to Gamma Knife Radiosurgery; applications, efficacy, complications, Anchorage, Alaska. 

August 11, 1995Grand Rounds, Alaska Regional Medical Center: Introduction to Gamma Knife Radiosurgery; applications, efficacy, complications, Anchorage, Alaska.

September 8, 19955th Annual Minimally Invasive Therapy of the Brain course: Radiosurgery for chronic pain and Parkinson’s disease, Santa Monica, California.

September 14, 1995Inservice: Gamma Knife Radiosurgery: clinical indications, complications and expected outcomes, First Choice, Seattle,Washington.

September 21, 1995Southern California Academy of Endodontics: Diagnosis and treatment of trigeminal neuralgia, Los Angeles, California.

November 11, 19957th International Leksell Gamma Knife Society Annual Meeting: 

1. Chairperson.

2. Electrophysiological target localization is not necessary for the treatment of 

           functional disorders. 

February 2, 1996Kaiser Permanente 7th Annual Neurosurgery Symposium: Gamma Knife radiosurgery; its role in neoplastic, vascular and functional conditions, Long Beach, CA.

February 26, 1996Joint Grand Rounds: Mercy Medical Center, Douglas Community Hospital Introduction to Gamma Knife Radiosurgery; applications, efficacy, complications, Roseburg, Oregon.

March 1, 1996Neurosurgery on the Border Symposium, El Paso Gamma Knife Center: 

1. Gamma Knife radiosurgery for treatment of chronic pain, 

2. Gamma Knife radiosurgery for treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.

June 1, 1996Association Pour la NeuroPsycho Pharmacologie, Symposim on Trigeminal  neuralgia:

 1. Pathophysiology of trigeminal neuralgia.

2. Gamma Knife radiosurgery for trigeminal neuralgia.

3. Thalamic stimulation.

September 11, 1996University of Utah Visiting Professor, Anesthesiology and Neurosurgery:

1. Gamma Knife treatment for pain, movement disorders & trigeminal 

    neuralgia.

2. Deep brain & spinal stimulation for treatment of chronic pain.

September 13, 1996San Diego Gamma Knife Center Symposium: 

1. Gamma Knife radiosurgery for Parkinson’s disease.

2. Functional radiosurgery for trigeminal neuralgia and chronic pain.

September 14, 1996Western Neurosurgical Society Annual Meeting: Treatment of trigeminal neuralgia with the Leksell Gamma Knife, Lanai, Hawaii. 

December 4, 1996Gero Psych Lecture, Northwest Hospital: Gamma Knife radiosurgery for Parkinson’s disease, Seattle, Washington.

December 12, 1996May Clinic Scottsdale Cooper Lectureship in Neuroscience: Treatment of trigeminal neuralgia, movement disorders, and pain with the Gamma Knife, Scottsdale, Arizona.

April 12, 1997American Association of Neurological Surgeons, Annual Meeting: Denver, Colorado. 

1. Stereotactic pallidotomy with the Leksell Gamma Knife for treatment of     Parkinson’s disease. 

2. Gamma Knife radiosurgery for treatment of trigeminal neuralgia. 

3. Development of a radiosurgery center. 

4. discussant, Globus pallidus stimulation activates the cortical motor system and reverses Pakinsonism, Andres Lozano. 

5. Panelist, Stereotactic surgery for movement disorders, Denver, Colorado. 

April 19, 1997American Academy of Neurology Annual Meeting, Symposium on Radiosurgery: Functional neurosurgery with the Leksell Gamma Knife, Boston, Massachusetts.

June 22, 1997International Leksell Gamma Knife Society, 8th Annual Meeting:

1. Pallidotomy; a positive experience with the Gamma Knife. 

2. Trigeminal neuralgia; results, Marseille, France.

April 1998American Association of Neurological Surgeons. Philadelphia.

1. Gamma Knife Thalamotomy for treatment of essential tremor. 

May 1998Trigeminal Neuralgia Association. San Gabriel Valley, CA.

1. Treatment of trigeminal neuralgia with gamma knfie.

July 1998Acoustic Neuroma Society of Ventura County. Ojai, CA.

1. Treatment of acoutic neuromas with gamma knife.

September 1998Trigeminal Neuralgia Association. Northridge, CA.

1. Treatment of trigeminal neuralgia with gamma knife.

September 12-15, 1998Western  Neurosurgical Society Meeting: Radiosurgical Rhizotomy for Trigeminal Neuralgia, Silverado, California.

October 1998Congress of Neurological Surgeons Annual Meeting: Chronic Pain: Ask The

Experts.  Seattle, Washington.

1. Gammathalamotomy for treatment of chronic pain: Point/Counter Point

    presentation.

November 8-11, 19989th International Meeting of Leksell Gamma Knife Society. Hong Kong, China

1. A comparison of single fraction radiosurgery tumor control and acute   toxicity in the treatment of basal and nonbasal meningiomas.

November 1998Trigeminal Neuralgia Association. University of California, San Diego, CA.

1. Gamma knife treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.

January 16-17, 1999Good Samaritan Hospital. Neurosciences Institute, Los Angeles, California.

1.Update on thalamotomy and pallidotomy with the gamma knife. 

2.Gamma knife treatment of trigeminal neuralgia; functional neurosurgery, past, present, and future. 

January 1999Trigeminal Neuralgia Association. Cedars Sinai Medical Center. Los Angeles CA.

1. Treatment of trigeminal neuralgia with gamma knife.

April 1999American Association of Neurological Surgeons. Annual Meeting. 

New Orleans, LA.

1. Gamma knife radiosurgery for movement disorders.

May 1999Functional Stereotactic Neurosurgery. New York University.

New York, NY.

1. Gamma knife treatment of chronic pain.

October 1999Congress of Neurological Surgeons. Annual Meeting. Boston, MA.

1. Gamma knife treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.
2. Percutaneous techniques for treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.

November 1999Trigeminal Neuralgia Association of Orange County. Lake Forrest, 

CA.

1. Gamma knife treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.

January 2000Gamma Knife Center training course. London, England.

1. Treatment of functional disorders with gamma knife.
2. Gamma knife utilization in the U.S.A.

February 2000Gamma Knife Center training course. Honolulu, HI.

1. Gamma knife treatment of gliomas.
2. Gamma knife treatment of movement disorders.
3. Gamma knife treatment of metastatic brain tumors.

April 2000American Brain Tumor Conference. Los Angeles, CA.

1. Treatment of meningiomas.
2. Role of radiosurgery in treatment of brain tumors.

April 2000American Association of Neurological Surgeons. Annual Meeting. San 

Francisco, CA.

1. Microvascular compression syndromes.
2. Stereotatic treatment of movement disorders.
3. Gamma knife pallidotomy and thalamotomy for movement disorders.

April 2000International Leksell Gamma Knife Society. Annual Meeting. Squaw 

Valley, CA.

1. Gamma knife treatment of movement disorders.
2. Gamma knife treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.
3. Gamma knife treatment of gliomas.
4. Gamma Knife treatment of meningiomas.

April 2001American Association of Neurological Surgeons. Annual Meeting. Toronto Canada.

1. Gamma Knife for Trigeminal Neuralgia: Long term follow up.

May 2001Multi-Disciplinary meeting on Brain Tumors.  St. Johns Hospital. Oxnard.

1.Radiosurgery for brain tumors.

June 2001Clinical Conference for Dystonia.  St Johns Hospital.  Oxnard, CA.

1.Surgical treatment of dystonia.

September 2001Conference of Essential Tremor.  St. Johns Hospital. Oxnard, CA.

1.Surgeries for essential tremor.

October 2001Congress of Neurological Surgeons. Annual Meeting. San Deigo, CA.

1. Luncheon Seminar: Radiosurgical thalamotomy for treatment of tremor.
2. Scientific Session:
A. Gamma Knife treatment of trigeminal neuralgia:  Long trem results.
B. Gamma Knife medial thalamotomy for treatment of chronic pain.

October 2001San Deigo Radiological Society. San Deigo, CA.

1. Radiosurgical tratment of brain tumors.

November 2001Clinical Conference. West Hills Hospital, West Hills, CA.

1. New treatment approaches for facial and spinal pain.

November 2001Parkinson Disease Symposium.  St. Johns Hospital.  Oxnard, CA.

1. Surgical treatment of Parkinsons disease.

April 2002American Association of Neurological Surgeons Annual Meeting.  Chicago, IL.

1. Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for treatment of Pituitary Adenomas:  Long term results.

May 2002International Leksell Gamma Knife Society Meeting.  Prague, Czech Republic.  

1. Medical Thalamotomy with the Gamma Knife for treatment of Chronic Pain.
2. Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for “Large Lesions”.

June 2002Trigminal Neuralgia Conference.  St Johns Hospital, Oxnard, CA.

1. Surgical treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia.

June 2002Canadian Congress of Neurological Sciences.  Vancouver, B.C., Canada.

1. Update on Radiosurery:  Functional Radiosurery.

November 2002Eisenhower Medical Center.  Rancho Mirage, CA.

1. Review of Radiosurgery:  Outcomes and Complications.

November 2002Trigeminal Neurlgia Association.  Bi-Annual Meeting, San Diego, CA

1. Radiosurgery for tratment of Trigeminal Neuralgia.
2. Treatment of Atypical facial pain.

December 2002Grand Rounds.  Northwest Hospital, Seattle, WA.

1. Indications and Applications of Gamma Knife therapy for practicing physicians.

May 2004AANS Annual Meeting, Orlando, FL.

1. Bilateral Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Treatment of Movement    Disorders.

Seminars Attended:

1. Recent Clinial Developemnts in Endoscopic Surgery of the Spine. Foley, Adamson, Perez-Cruet, Rosenthal.
2. Current Indications and Techniques of Lumbar Interbody Fusion.  Klara, Yonemura, Gallo, Cauthen, Lee.
3. Complications in Complex Spinal Surgery: Lesson Learned.  Sonntag, Shaffrey, McCormick, Haid.

February 2005Grand Rounds.  Cottage Hospital, Santa Barbara, CA.

1. Deep Brain Stimulation for treatment of Movement Disorders.

March 2005Grand Rounds.  Glendale Memorial Hospital, Glendale, CA.

1. Deep Brain Stimulation for Treatment of Movement Disorders.

May 2011International Stereotactic Radiosurgery Society Meeting, Paris, France

1. Functional Neurosurgery with the Gamma Knife:  17 years  experience.
2. Dosimetry of a Novel Rotating Gamma System for Stereotactic

Radiosurgery.

COMMITTEES

Northwest Hospital, Seattle, Washington

Institutional Review Board, 1995

University of California, Irvine

Department of Surgery Credentials Committee, 1986 to present.

Department of Surgery Appointments/Merits, Promotions Committee, 1986 to present.

Health Sciences Research Facilities, 1987-88.

Department of Surgery Strategic Planning Committee, 1987-1989.

College of Medicine, Student Interview Committee, 1988 to present.

Task Force on Neuroscience, 1988 to present.

Chairman, Search Committee for Associate Dean for Clinical Affairs, 1989 to present.

Deans Advisory Board 1989 to present.

Faculty Practice Development Task Force, 1989 to present.

Contracting Policy Subcommittee, 1989 to present.

Council of Chairmen, 1989 to present.

UCI Health Sciences Strategic Planning Committee, 1989 to present.

Student Interview Committee, 1989-1990.

Chairman, Search Committee for Senior Associate Dean of Clinical Affairs, 1990-1991.

University of California, Irvine, Medical Center

President,University of California, Irvine, Medical Center Medical Staff, July 1991 to present.

Vice President, University of California, Irvine, Medical Center Medical Staff 1989-91.

Finance Committee, 1986 to present.

Epilepsy Telemetry Unit Planning Committee, 1986-90.

Director’s Advisory Group of UCI Cancer Center, 1987 to present.

Faculty Practice Advisory Committee, 1987 to present.

Subcommittee on Clinical Services, 1987-89.

Brain Tumor Cooperative Group, 1988 to present.

Ambulatory Care Committee, 1989 to present.

41st Trust Medical Endowment, Board of Trustees, 1990.

Quality Assurance Review Committee, 1990 to present.

Medical Group Executive Committee, 1990 to present.

Chairman, Affiliation Committee, 1990 to present.

UCI Cancer Center Planning Committee, 1986-87.

Neurology Search Committee, 1987.

Pain Group Meeting, 1987-89.

Trauma Committee, 1987-88.

Chairman, Search Committee for the UCIMC Hospital Director, 1987-88.

Operating Room Committee, 1987-88.

Joint Conference Committee, 1989 to present.

Credentials Committee, 1989 to present.

Executive Committee of Medical Staff, 1989 to present.

Bylaws Committee, 1989 to present.

Medical Staff Review Committee, 1990 to present.

Clinical Professional Practice Board, 1991.

Committee on Outside Billing Feasibility, 1991.

Clinical Faculty Group, 1991 to present.

Blue Ribbon Clinical Issues Committee, 1991.

COMMUNITY SERVICE AND AWARDS

October 1979Workshop participant: Acute evaluation and rehabilitation of head-injuredpatients. Casa Colina Rehabilitation Center, Pomona, California. 

1980 to PresentTeam Physician. Palos Verdes High School Track and Cross-Country

January 15, 1980Lecture: Treatment of Spinal Metastases. Cedars-Sinai Hospital, Los Angeles, California.

August 1980Independent Physician Reviewer P.S.R.O., Area 23.

April 4, 1981KCET TV Newsbeat:  Brain Stimulation for Treatment of Chronic Pain.

May 21, 1981KNBC TV: Pain Treatment.

May 21, 1981Santa Monica Outlook: Evaluation and Treatment of Headaches.

October 1981Hour Magazine, KCET TV: Brain Stimulation for Treatment of Chronic Pain.

January 1982Venture Magazine: Headache: Diagnosis and Treatment.

1982Who’s Who in California.

1982 to PresentBoard of Directors, Santa Fe Neurological Sciences Institute. Santa Fe, New Mexico.

August 25, 1987KNBC News, TV interview with Steve Gendel:  Brain Stimulation.

July 26, 1988Public Access Cable Television, with Cindy Sardo:  Discussion on Pain.

1989Moderator of breakfast seminar: Metastatic Tumors of the Spine.  American Association of Neurological Surgeons, Annual meeting.

1989Contribution to Coastline Community College Psychology Telecourse: Brain Stimulation Surgery.

1989 to PresentExtramural Grant Reviewer, Food and Drug Administration, Public Health Service.

January 1989 to PresentWest’s Who’s Who in Health & Medical Services.

May 1, 1989Physician’s Recognition Award, Annual Nurse Recognition Dinner, UCIMC.

May 1989Consultant Field Reader for the Office of Orphan Products Development, Food & Drug Administration.

March 1990Video Journal of Neurosurgery Television Presentations: Spinal Stimulationfor Treatment of Chronic Pain and Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion. 

1991Moderator of Breakfast Seminar: Surgical Management of Chronic Pain. American Association of Neurological Surgeons, Annual meeting.

1991Panelist on Breakfast Seminar: Functional Stereotaxy: Contemporary Use and Future Directions, American Association of Neurological Surgeons, Annual meeting.

1991Member, Medical Advisory Board, Neuro-Navigational Corporation.

Summer 1992Research Light, UCI Health Sciences magazine. Interview:In the face of pain.

1996Awarded Certificate of Appreciation, Healing the Children Foundation,for donation of medical care to needy children.

SPECIAL ACTIVITIES

May 24, 1988Guest Examiner, Oral Examinations, American Board of Neurosurgery, Houston, Texas

July 25, 1994​​Special consultant on Gamma Knife technology to Ministry of Health, Republic of Singapore.

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